Our country is the largest and biggest country. The population here mainly depends up on the agriculture. Most of the people are uneducated and illiteracy that prevails is in highest ratio. Most of the formers are illiterate. They cultivate the lands traditionally. They do not have the knowledge of latest technical and methods that are used in farming. In developed countries, the farming is done with the help of new machineries such as, harvester and sower.
The Government of India is not seriously implementing the measures that are to be taken to educate the farmers about the methods that are followed is modern farming. They have been duped and harassed by many factors. The following are the some of the factors that are causing losses to them. These causes food shortage in the country and suicides of the farmers.
- Duplicate seeds: Farmers are generally follow the traditional methods. They purchase the seeds from seed companies. Generally the main aim of these seed companies are to earn profits or money. In this process, they supply the seeds which does not have generic character. Even if, the seeds which are in generic character, they does not get the highest yield. As they are not suitable to our atmosphere and soil conditions.
The seed companies do not take appropriate precautions to manufacture the seeds which are suitable for high yield and our soil conditions.
There is no control of the Government over the seed companies. Every year we are observing the problems that are faced by the farmers due to low quality of seeds that are supplied by the seed companies.
Many foreign seed companies have entered into our market. They supply the seeds which are suitable to their lands and not suitable to our country lands. Moreover they sell their products with highest rates.
These companies generally rule the market according to their wishes and will.
So most and fore most thing is to avoid the duplication of seeds. Before seeds are planted the farmer makes investment if the seeds are not up to the mark, the entire investment will be put into losses.
The Government has to frame the guidelines which shall be given to the seed companies if any wrong committed, the penalties to be borne by the company should be listed and farmers should be reimbursed with their investment and future profit.
The entire agriculture activity depends upon the seeds that are planted. It is necessary to establish are authority to certify the standard ness of the seed that are suitable to different soils in India.
Deficiences of Fertilisers and Duplication of Pesticides:
Now we are facing shortage of fertilizer and pesticides. After plantation of seed the farmer uses the fertilizers to keep the growth of the plant. It has to be monitored periodically when the fertilizer is not available the farmer cannot use the dosage of fertilizes at proper time which leads to deficiency of nitrozen, sulpher, ammonium Nitrate that leads to low productivity.
The Government of India is giving subsidies to the fertilizer companies according to their supplies crores of rupees are given to these companies in the form of subsidies
In addition to this the stock of the fertilizer is diverted to block market which leads to high prices of fertilizer. The financial condition of the farmers is not affordable to those prices. The improper or lack of usage of fertilizer leads to low productivity or high cost of production
The pesticide companies are following the foot steps of seed companies. They manufacture the duplicate produce. There are so many pesticide companies in India. which produces low quality of pesticides.
Due to illiteracy, the farmers are targeted. The companies make huge profits at the cost of farmers. Some pesticide instead of curing the disease, they destroy the crop.
The farmers are helpless. They do not have any authoritative support from the Government.
There is no improvement in the conditions inspite of huge expenditure in the form of subsidies, salaries to employees and research and development.
If these conditions are continued, the food grains that are manufactured will be less in quantity and shortage of food grains will occur that leads to starvation with the less supply of food grains. We have to import the food grains from other countries that causes burden to our economy
Hence the government has to plan now itself to meet the situation. It has to make good usage of the recommendations made by the committees such as Dr. Swami Nathan and other renowned scientists. It has to educate the farmers that the methods that are suitable to higher produce of food grains. It has to encourage the farming by giving financial support. It has to provide storage facilities and financial assistance to the farmers.
The Government has to adopt the villages for model agriculture It has to make investment and pay the lease and labor charges to the agricultural labour and land owners. It has to take entire produce and sell in the open market in others words the Government directly involve in the farming sector as such it directly involved is industries such as BHEL, ONGC and other Navaratna and mininavaratna. That it has to enter into farming sectors , make the production of food grains so that the question of shortage of food grains and importing the food grains does not arise. With this the problem of unemployment will be solved permanently and the starvation never occur.
Every year our population is increasing in high rate but where as the land available for agriculture is not increasing the quantum of agricultural land is decreasing every year. As large the agriculture is not profitable most of the farmers are not interested is farming. Large number of people are migrating to the cities to become industrial labour. More over the Government is acquiring the agricultural land for SEZ purpose thus reducing the quantum of agricultural land. In Taluqa head quarter the agricultural lands are convert into non agricultural land for construction of houses and the real estate business, this also reduces the quantum of farming land.
Keeping is view of all above problems which causes acute shortage of food Grains incoming years. The government has to make the policies to prevent our country to become an other Somalia where number of people died due to starvation in recent years.
Also, the Government has to take steps to make the advanced technology, research benefits available to farmers by bridging the gaps between laboratory and actual agricultural land.
